El Umhleli woMgaqo-nkqubo weQela IWindows sesinye sezo zixhobo ezingajongwanga ngabasebenzisi abaninzi, kodwa ibonelela ngehlabathi lamathuba abo bafuna ukwenza ngokwezifiso, ukukhusela, okanye ukulawula ngokugqibeleleyo inkqubo yokusebenza. Nangona ihlala inxulunyaniswa neenkampani ezinkulu okanye abalawuli benkqubo kwindawo yeshishini, inyani yeyokuba nabani na unokuthatha eli thuba, nokuba aphucule ukhuseleko, aguqule ukusebenza kweWindows, okanye athintele iisetingi ezithile kubasebenzisi abathile.
Ngoku, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba ayizizo zonke iinguqulelo zeWindows ezibandakanya esi sixhobo ngokungagqibekanga, kwaye ukuyisebenzisa kufuna ukuthathela ingqalelo imingcipheko ethile: ukuchukumisa izinto ongafanele uzenze kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezingalindelekanga. uya kufumana yonke into ekufuneka uyazi malunga noMhleli wePolisi yeQela, ukusuka kwindlela yokufikelela kuyo kwaye zeziphi iinguqulelo ezifumanekayo, ukuya kwimizekelo yosetyenziso olusebenzayo, iindlela ezizezinye, iingenelo, kunye nezilumkiso ekufuneka uzigcine engqondweni.
Yintoni iGroup Policy Editor kwaye isetyenziselwa ntoni?
Umhleli wePolisi yeQela, owaziwa njenge gpedit.msc, sisixhobo solawulo esikhethekileyo seWindows esikuvumela ukuba uguqule kwaye usete uluhlu olubanzi lwemigaqo-nkqubo kunye nezithintelo. Eyona njongo yayo kukuququzelela ulungelelwaniso olusembindini wazo zombini amaqela kunye neeakhawunti zabasebenzisi, enikezela ngolawulo oluchanekileyo ngaphezulu kokusebenza kwenkqubo kunokuphunyezwa kwiPaneli yoLawulo yakudala okanye icandelo leeSetingi zeWindows.
Phakathi kwemisebenzi yayo ephambili kukuba kunokwenzeka beka izithintelo, njengokunciphisa ufikelelo kwizicelo ezithile, ukukhusela iindawo ezinovakalelo zesixokelelwano, ukulawula uhlaziyo, ukuvalela iihardware ezifana ne-USB drives, ukunyanzela utshintsho lwamaxesha ngamaxesha, kunye nokuchaza ukuziphatha kwenethiwekhi. Sisixhobo esiyimfuneko kwi Iindawo zeshishini kunye nemfundo, kodwa ikwaluncedo kuyo izixhobo zasekhaya ekwabelwana ngazo okanye kwabo bafuna ukuba nolawulo olupheleleyo kwiPC yabo.
Iinguqulelo zeWindows ezixhaswayo kunye nemida
Enye yezinto zokuqala emazicace ngayo kukuba uMhleli wePolisi yeQela Ayifakwanga ngokwemveli kulo lonke uhlelo lweWindows. Ngokwemveli, kuphela iinguqulelo Ubungcali, uShishino kunye neMfundo ye-Windows (zombini i-10 kunye ne-11, kunye nezilingana kwiinguqulelo zangaphambili) zinika ufikelelo oluthe ngqo kolu ncedo. Iintlelo Ikhaya, eyenzelwe abasebenzisi basekhaya, musa ukubandakanya gpedit.msc ngokungagqibekanga, nangona kukho iindlela ezizezinye zokuyifakela. Apha ungajonga indlela yokulawula iifayile zeADMX ezifunekayo kuqwalaselo oluphambili.
Esi sigqibo sibangelwa kukuba iinguqulelo zePro kunye neShishini ziyilelwe ukusetyenziswa okuphambili okanye kuthungelwano, apho ulawulo oluphakathi lubalulekile. Ukuba unohlelo lwaseKhaya, ungalahli ithemba: ngezantsi uya kubona iindlela zoku yenza umhleli kuguqulelo lwakho ukuba uyayifuna ngenene.
Ufikelela njani kuMhleli wePolisi yeQela
- Ukusuka kwi-Start menu: Kubhala "gpedit” kwibar yokukhangela kwaye ukhethe “Hlela iPolisi yeQela.”
- Ukusuka kwi-Run window: Pulsa Windows + RUbhala gpedit.msc kwaye ucofe u-Enter.
- Ukusuka kwi-Command Prompt: Vula i-cmd, uhlobo gpedit.msc kwaye cinezela Ngena.
- Ukusuka kwiiSetingi: Pulsa IWindows + mna kwaye ukhangele "umgaqo-nkqubo weqela" okanye "hlela umgaqo-nkqubo weqela." Cofa umphumo.
- Ukusuka kwiPhaneli yoLawulo: Vula eli candelo, khangela "umgaqo-nkqubo weqela" kwaye ufikelele kwinketho ehambelanayo.
Khumbula: Ukuba ufumana impazamo xa uzama ukuvula umhleli, uguqulelo lwakho lweWindows mhlawumbi aluquki olu ncedo, kodwa ungaqwalasela ezinye iindlela ezichazwe ngezantsi.
Iindlela zokwenza uMhleli kwiKhaya leWindows
Ukuba unohlelo lwaseKhaya, lukho iinketho ukwenza gpedit.msc Nangona zingekho semthethweni, ezi ndlela zihlala zisebenza ngokuchanekileyo. Nazi iindlela ezidumileyo:
1. Yongeza i-GPEDIT.msc Isifaki (ayikhuthazwa)
- Khuphela isifakeli esingekho semthethweni "Yongeza i-GPEDIT.msc".
- Qhuba isifakeli kwaye ulandele imiyalelo. Unokufuna .NET Framework 3.5 okanye ngaphezulu.
- Ukuba usebenzisa i-64-bit Windows, khuphela iifolda Imigaqo-nkqubo yeqela y Abasebenzisi beQelaPolicy, kunye nefayile gpedit.msc kusuka C: \ Windows \ SysWOW64 a C: \ Windows \ System32Ungajonga kwakhona ukuqwalasela imigaqo-nkqubo eyongezelelweyo ukuba kuyimfuneko.
- Lungisa iimpazamo ezinokwenzeka ngokuhlela .bat izikripthi kwi-Notepad ukusombulula imiba ngegama lomsebenzisi ukuba liyavela.
2. Ukuqhuba i-GPEDIT Enabler BAT
- Yenza ifayile ye-BAT enegama Vulela.bat kunye nomxholo ofanelekileyo.
- Qhuba ifayile njenge Umlawuli.
- Nje ukuba igqityiwe, zama ukuvula i-gpedit.msc ukusuka kwi-Run. Ukuba yonke into ihambe kakuhle, ngoku uya kuba nokufikelela kumhleli.
Isexwayiso: Ezi ndlela zisenokungaxhaswa nguMicrosoft kwaye kufuneka zisetyenziswe ngononophelo nasemva kokwenza ikopi yokugcina.
3. Yenza oko bakuthethayo kwiforum yenkxaso kaMicrosoft
Njengoko kuchaziwe kwi- Iforum yeMicrosoft, inokuphunyezwa ngokulandela la manyathelo:
- Cinezela Win + Q izitshixo:
- Phendla: umyalelo womyalelo.
- Cofa ekunene, sebenzisa njengomlawuli.
- Khuphela kwaye uncamathisele le miyalelo:
FOR %F IN ("%SystemRoot%\servicing\Packages\Microsoft-Windows-GroupPolicy-ClientTools-Package~*.mum") DO ( DISM /Online /NoRestart /Add-Package:"%F" )
FOR %F IN ("%SystemRoot%\servicing\Packages\Microsoft-Windows-GroupPolicy-ClientExtensions-Package~*.mum") DO ( DISM /Online /NoRestart /Add-Package:"%F" )
- Yizame ngokucinezela Win + R, chwetheza gpedit.msc kwaye ubone ukuba ukucofa Ngena kuvula isixhobo.
Usetyenziso oluphambili kunye neenzuzo zoMhleli wePolisi yeQela
El Umhleli woMgaqo-nkqubo weQela Isebenza ngeendlela ezininzi. Ivumela ukusuka Lungisa ukhuseleko lomntu okanye iinkqubo zenethiwekhi ukwenza amava omsebenzisi abe ngawethu okanye ukunciphisa iimpawu ezingafanelekanga kwiimeko ezithile. Ngezantsi, sijonga ezinye zezona zinto ziqhelekileyo kwaye ziluncedo:
- Nciphisa ukufikelela kwimimiselo ebuthathaka: Thintela abasebenzisi abangagunyaziswanga ekufikeleleni kumacandelo angundoqo enkqubo njengePhaneli yoLawulo okanye iiSetingi. Ukongeza, ukuqwalasela imiba enxulumene nokhuseleko lwenethiwekhi, unokubonisana Ulawulo lokhuseleko lwasekhaya kunye ne-secpol.msc.
- Khubaza imisebenzi enobungozi okanye engeyomfuneko: Unokuthintela ukufikelela kumyalelo womyalelo, ukuvala ufakelo lwesoftware, okanye uthintele uhlaziyo oluzenzekelayo olunokuphazamisa umsebenzi wakho. Unokufunda nendlela yokwenza Yenza ngokwezifiso indlela iWindows esebenza ngayo ngeWinUtil.
- Lawula ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zangaphandle: Ukunciphisa ukufikelela kwi-USB drives, abafundi bekhadi, okanye iidiski zamehlo, ukuthintela ukuvuza kwedatha okanye usulelo lwe-malware. Ukulawula iimvume zefayile, ndwendwela isikhokelo kwiimvume zeNTFS kwiWindows.
- Lungiselela uhlaziyo kunye nabaqhubi: Gqiba ukuba nini kwaye njani uhlaziyo olufakwe kunye nokuba abaqhubi abathile kufuneka bahlale bengatshintshi.
- Lawula izaziso kunye neenkqubo zokuqalisa: Ikuvumela ukuba ukhubaze izaziso ezicaphukisayo okanye izikripthi ezisebenza xa inkqubo iqala okanye icima.
- Guqula igama lokugqithisa kunye nemigaqo yofikelelo: Unokunyanzela utshintsho lwegama lokugqitha, usete ubude bayo, okanye unqande ufikelelo kwiiapps kunye neewebhusayithi.
- Susa izixhobo ezifakwe ngaphambili: Ukuba awuyisebenzisi i-OneDrive, umzekelo, ungayicima kumhleli, udala indawo ecocekileyo elungiselelwe iimfuno zakho.
Umhleli ukubeke kwisitulo somqhubi seWindows, evumela i ulawulo olugqithisileyo kwizicwangciso zePC.
Umphathi wePolisi yeQela kwinethiwekhi kunye neemeko zeseva
Kwimeko yeshishini, ngakumbi xa usebenza kunye Windows Server kunye nothungelwano olusekwe kuMlawuli oSebenzayo, umda woMhleli woMgaqo-nkqubo weQela ukhula ngokukhawuleza. Apha, into ebizwa GPOs (Iizinto zoMgaqo-nkqubo weQela) Bavumela imigaqo-nkqubo ukuba isetyenziswe ngendlela enkulu kwaye ibekwe embindini kwiikhompyuter ezininzi okanye abasebenzisi ngaphakathi kwendawo. Ukulawula le migaqo-nkqubo ngempumelelo ngakumbi, kunokuba luncedo ukukhangela izibonelelo ezithile, ezifana .
La Ikhonsoli yoLawulo loMgaqo-nkqubo weQela (GPMC) Sisixhobo esiphambili solu hlobo lwemisebenzi, njengoko lubonelela:
- Ulawulo olumanyeneyo lwayo yonke imiba yemigaqo-nkqubo, kuquka ukuyila, ukuhlela, ukukopa, ukungenisa/ukuthumela ngaphandle, nokubuyisela iiGPO.
- Izihluzi eziphucukileyo, iingxelo, kunye nokulinganisa iziphumo (ukuqikelela ukuba imigaqo-nkqubo iya kulichaphazela njani ishishini lakho ngaphambi kokuyiphumeza).
- Ikuvumela ukuba wenze imodeli yeemeko kwaye ulungise imiba yophumezo ngokulula.
- Inkxaso yemibhalo kunye nojongano oluphambili lwemisebenzi ezenzekelayo. Ukuntywila nzulu kulawulo oluphambili, ungajonga kwakhona.
Ukongeza, i-GPMC ivumela i idityanisiwe kwaye ayidityaniswanga kwiiGPO kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo oLwakhiwo lwe-Active Directory (iisayithi, iindawo, okanye iiyunithi zombutho), ukongeza ekubekeni phambili nasekusekeni izinto ezingaqhelekanga okanye ilifa eliqhelekileyo. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba isebe ngalinye, iqela, okanye umsebenzisi ufumana imigaqo-nkqubo efanelekileyo yendima yabo.
Imizekelo yemigaqo-nkqubo eluncedo yeekhompyuter kunye nabasebenzisi
Ngezantsi kukho imizekelo esebenzayo yemigaqo-nkqubo enokusetyenziswa kusetyenziswa uMhleli wePolisi yeQela:
- Eyamaqela:
- Zalela utshintsho kwiisetingi zesixokelelwano: Ngabalawuli kuphela abanokuguqula iiparameters ezibalulekileyo.
- Khubaza uhlaziyo oluzenzekelayo: Lawula xa uhlaziyo lufakelwe ukunqanda ukuphazamiseka okungalindelekanga.
- Vala ukusetyenziswa kwe-USB drives: Kubalulekile ukunqanda ukuvuza kwedatha okanye ukosulela inkqubo nge-malware.
- Kubasebenzisi:
- Thintela ukufikelela kwiiwebhusayithi ezingagunyaziswanga: Ithintela ukufikelela kwiindawo ezinokuba yingozi okanye ezingenamveliso.
- Funa utshintsho lwegama lokugqitha rhoqo ukwandisa iakhawunti kunye nokhuseleko lwenethiwekhi.
- Nciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwezicelo: Kuphela ii-apps ezivunyiweyo ngumlawuli ezinokuvulwa.
Ezi mpawu zingundoqo kumashishini kunye namaziko emfundo, kodwa zinokuthi ziphunyezwe kwiikhomputha zentsapho okanye ekwabelwana ngazo xa ufuna ukugcina ulawulo phezu kwenkqubo.
Ukuqwalasela iiSetingi zeapp usebenzisa iPolisi yeQela
Ukusukela kwiinguqulelo zamva nje ze Windows 10, abalawuli banako Fihla okanye uhlele ufikelelo kumaphepha athile kwi-app yeeSetingi, usebenzisa ii-URI ezithile. Oku kuvumela abasebenzisi ukuba bafikelele kwiindawo ezigunyazisiweyo kuphela, ukwandisa ukhuseleko kunye nobuntu bendawo yokusebenza.
Ukusebenzisa lo mgaqo-nkqubo, ukufikelela Ulungelelwaniso lweKhompyutha > Izakhelo zolawulo > Iphaneli yokulawula kwaye wenze umgaqo-nkqubo wokubonakala kwephepha. Unokugqiba kokubini okubonisiweyo kunye nokuba yintoni efihliweyo, usebenzisa i-syntax ethile, umzekelo: ShowOnly:Network-Proxy;Network-Ethernet o Hide:Network-MobileHotspot;Network-Proxy.
Uyisebenzisa njani i-GPMC kwaye ulawule ii-GPOs kwindawo
- Vula ikhonsoli yeGPMC kwimenyu yokuQala (ngokuchwetheza "Ulawulo loMgaqo-nkqubo weQela").
- Cofa ekunene “Iizinto zoMgaqo-nkqubo weQela” kwaye ukhethe “Entsha” ukwenza i-GPO engadityaniswanga.
- Ukuhlela i-GPO ekhoyo, cofa ekunene kuyo kwaye ukhethe "Hlela."
- Ukudibanisa i-GPO, ungayitsala okanye usebenzise inketho ethi "Qhagamshela iGPO ekhoyo" kwindawo oyifunayo, isizinda, okanye iyunithi yombutho.
- Khumbula ukuba ulandelelwano lweprayorithi kwiikhonkco lubalulekile ekumiseleni ukuba yeyiphi ipolisi esetyenziswa kuqala.
Kwiindawo ezinkulu, olu bhetyebhetye lubalulekile ukunqanda iingxabano, iimvume zogunyaziso, kunye nokwenza ngokwezifiso inqanaba lolawulo kubasebenzisi okanye izixhobo.
Izilumkiso kunye neengcebiso xa ulungisa imigaqo-nkqubo yeqela
Enye yezona ngcebiso zibalulekileyo Lumka xa utshintsha okanye uphumeza imigaqo-nkqubo ukusuka kumhleli. Ezinye iisetingi, ukuba aziqondwa kakuhle, zinokubangela ukuba usetyenziso oluthile lungasebenzi kakuhle, luthintele ufikelelo kwimisebenzi ebalulekileyo, okanye lushiye isixhobo kwimeko engazinzanga. Kuyacetyiswa:
- Iipolisi zovavanyo kwindawo yovavanyo phambi kokuba zithunyelwe kwimveliso.
- Bhala zonke iinguqu ezenziweyo kunye nezizathu zohlengahlengiso ngalunye.
- Yenza ii-backups eziqhelekileyo zesistim okanye izicwangciso zomgaqo-nkqubo.
- Kuphephe ukutshintsha imigaqo-nkqubo engaqondakaliyo ngokupheleleyo.
Ndiyabulela Umhleli woMgaqo-nkqubo weQelaBobabini abasebenzisi abaphambili kunye nabalawuli baneqabane elisisiseko lokwenza, ukukhusela, kunye nokulungelelanisa iiWindows kwiimfuno zayo nayiphi na imeko, nokuba yobuchwephesha, imfundo, okanye ikhaya. Ukuphonononga nokufunda indlela yokusebenzisa esi sixhobo kunokwenza umahluko phakathi kwenkqubo ethanda ukuba nengxaki naleyo ilungiselelwe ngokugqibeleleyo nekhuselekileyo. Ngoku unezitshixo zokufumana okuninzi kwaye ube yingcaphephe kulawulo oluphambili lweWindows.