Ukhuseleko kunye nokukhusela ubumfihlo buyaqhubeka, mhlawumbi ngoku kunanini na ngaphambili, iinkxalabo eziphambili kuye nabani na osebenzisa i-intanethi kunye nemidiya yedijithali kubomi babo bemihla ngemihla. Ngoko ke, ukunciphisa imingcipheko, eyona nto isengqiqweni kukusebenzisa zonke izixhobo esinazo. Ngale ndlela, kule posi siza kubona Yintoni iBitlocker kwaye yenzelwe ntoni?
Ngokuqinisekileyo emva kokufunda le mihlathi ilandelayo uya kuqonda ngcono ukuba le nto yokhuseleko yeMicrosoft iqulathe ntoni kunye neenzuzo ezibandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwayo.
Yintoni iBitLocker?
Bitlocker sisixhobo soguqulelo oluntsonkothileyo kwidisk ephuhliswe nguMicrosoft. Ifunyenwe iyafumaneka kwiPro, Enterprise, kunye neenguqulelo zeMfundo zeWindows. Inyani yokuba idityanisiwe ngokwemveli kwinkqubo yokusebenza isebenza ngakumbi kuthumo lwayo khusela idatha yethu kwaye uthintele ukubiwa kolwazi.
Umsebenzi ophambili weBitlocker kukukhusela idatha egcinwe kwi-hard drive esusekayo kwi-drive inkqubo ye-cipher. Ikwayasebenza ukukhusela imixholo yedrayivu esusekayo efana ne-USB. Idatha ke ngoko iya kukhuseleka kwimeko yobuntlola, ilahleko okanye ubusela.
Kufanelekile ukuthetha ukuba oku akusiyo into entsha, ekubeni yayisele isungulwe ngo-2007 kunye ne-Windows Vista, kodwa kwiinguqulelo zamva nje (ezo zibandakanya uguqulelo 1.2 okanye ngaphezulu kwemodyuli yeqonga elithembekileyo - TPM), i ekufanele ngokwenene ukuqwalaselwa.
Iimpawu eziphambili zeBitlocker
Ukusetyenziswa kwale nkqubo yoguqulelo oluntsonkothileyo ukukhusela idata kubonakala ngale miba ilandelayo:
- Ukubethela idatha, usebenzisa i-algorithms ephucukileyo eyenzelwe ngokukodwa ukukhusela ulwazi kunye nokuqinisekisa ukufikelela kuyo kuphela ngabantu abagunyazisiweyo.
- Ukukhuselwa kubusela okanye kwilahleko. Ayinamsebenzi nokuba idatha yethu iwela ezandleni zikabani na, njengoko iya kuba ingafikeleleki ngamaxesha onke kuye nabani na ongakwaziyo ukuziqinisekisa ukuba ugunyazisiwe.
- Ukudibanisa kunye nehardware yezixhobo zethu. I-BitLocker inamandla okusebenzisa i-TPM (iModyuli yeQonga eliThenjiweyo) ukugcina ngokukhuselekileyo izitshixo ze-encryption. Enkosi kulonto, ungaqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwenkqubo phambi kokuba uqalise nayiphi na inkqubo yokuvula.
- Ukuthotyelwa kwemithetho yangoku, ezinje nge Ummiselo woKhuseleko lweDatha ngokubanzi (GDPR) kwinqanaba laseYurophu.
Okokugqibela, kufuneka siqaqambise uguqulelo oluthile lwesixhobo sokufihla ii-hard drives zangaphandle kunye ne-pendrives: BitLocker ukuya ivumela, ukusebenza kwayo kuyafana naleyo yoguqulelo oluqhelekileyo.
Uyenza njani iBitlocker
Ukuba ikhomputha yethu inakho Windows 10 okanye Windows 11 efakiweyo, Bitlocker ilungiselela ngokuzenzekelayo ngexesha lofakelo lwenkqubo yokusebenza, eyenza umsebenzi wokwenza isixhobo ube lula kakhulu. Okufuneka ukwenze kukukhetha iyunithi ofuna ukuyifaka kuyo.
La ngamanyathelo ekufuneka uwalandele ukugqiba ubumbeko:
- Kuqala, sivula ifayile ye- Windows Explorer.
- Apho sicofa nge nqakraza ekunene kwiyunithi apho sifuna ukwenza i-Bitlocker isebenze.
- Emva koko sikhetha ukhetho "Sebenzisa iBitlocker".
- Kwifestile entsha ye-pop-up evulayo, sikhetha indlela esifuna ngayo idrayivu efihliweyo ivulwe:
- Ngegama lokugqitha (kufuneka uyifake kabini).
- Ngokusebenzisa i- ikhadi smart (kuloo meko siya kufuna ikhadi elihlakaniphile, umfundi ohambelanayo kwaye, ngokucacileyo, ukuba nephini).
- Emva koko kufuneka khetha imo yokuya gcina iqhosha lokubuyisela yeBitlocker drive. Ukhetho lulandelayo:
- Gcina kwifayile.
- Shicilela iqhosha lokubuyisela.
- Inyathelo elilandelayo kukukhetha ingakanani iyunithi esifuna ukuyifihla:
- Kusetyenziswe indawo yedisk kuphela.
- Iyunithi yonke.
- Okokugqibela, kufuneka ukhethe uhlobo loguqulelo oluntsonkothileyo:
- Imowudi entsha yoguqulelo oluntsonkothileyo (kucetyiswa kwiiyunithi ezizinzileyo).
- Imo ehambelanayo (kucetyiswa kwiidrive ezisusekayo).
- Njengenyathelo lokugqibela, sicinezela iqhosha "Qala uguqulelo oluntsonkothileyo."
Inkqubo ingathatha imizuzu embalwa ukugqiba. Nje ukuba ugqibile, sinokulubona uphawu lwepadlock bemanyene.
Izinto eziluncedo kunye nezingeloncedo zokusebenzisa iBitlocker
I-Bitlocker sisixhobo esihle kakhulu sokukhusela ulwazi olubuthathaka kwiilaptops. Kucetyiswa ngokukodwa ukukhusela idatha ebuthathaka yenkampani, okanye ukuthobela imigangatho yokhuseleko olusisiseko. Nangona kunjalo, iyasebenza nakubasebenzisi babucala abafuna ukuba nenqanaba elongezelelweyo lokhuseleko, bahlala bethathela ingqalelo Ukulunga kwayo kunye nokubi:
Inzuzo
- Inika umgangatho wokhuseleko othembekileyo.
- Idibanisa ngokulula kwiinkqubo zeWindows.
- Isebenza kuzo zombini iidrive zangaphakathi kunye nezixhobo zangaphandle.
- Isimahla (kubasebenzisi beenguqulelo ezixhaswayo zeWindows).
Iingxaki
- Ifuna ihardware ehambelanayo (ngokukhethekileyo iTPM), ayisoloko ikhona kwizixhobo ezindala.
- Kwiikhompyuter ezindala, ukusetyenziswa kwazo kunokuchaphazela kakubi ukusebenza.
- Kubalulekile: Ukuba siphulukene nesitshixo sokubuyisela siya kuphulukana ngokusisigxina idatha. Oko kukuthi, inokuba likrele elintlangothi-mbini.
Ukwazi zonke ezi nkcukacha, umsebenzisi unokugqiba ukuba i-Bitlocker sisisombululo abasidingayo ukugcina ulwazi oluqulethwe ngaphakathi kwezixhobo zabo zikhuselekile.
Iindlela ezizezinye kwiBitlocker
Ukuba sisixhobo esinamandla kakhulu, ngamanye amaxesha i-Bitlocker isenokungabi lolona khetho lufanelekileyo kwiimfuno ezithile zabasebenzisi abathile. Nokuba kungenxa yokunqongophala kokuhambelana, okanye ngenxa yesidingo sokuguquguquka ngakumbi kunye nokwenza ngokwezifiso. Kolu hlobo lomsebenzisi, kunokuba nomdla ngakumbi ukusebenzisa enye yezi ezinye iindlela:
AxCrypt
Isisombululo esijoliswe kuyo ulawulo lwefayile yomntu ngamnye, ilunge kakhulu kubasebenzisi abangadingi uguqulelo olupheleleyo lwediski. Intle kakhulu kulula ukuyisebenzisa kwaye inosetyenziso olusebenzayo lweselula. Kufuneka kwakhona kuqatshelwe ukuba inguqulelo yasimahla inemida kwimisebenzi yayo emininzi.
Isixhumanisi: AxCrypt
Cryptomator
Isixhobo esinomdla soguqulelo oluntsonkothileyo, simahla kunye nomthombo ovulekileyo. I-Cryptomator yiyo yenzelwe ukukhusela iifayile ezigcinwe efini, ukunika inkxaso kwiinkonzo zokugcina ilifu ezifana neDropbox, iGoogle Drive kunye ne-OneDrive.
Isixhumanisi: Cryptomator
VeraCrypt
Le yenye yezona ndlela zidumileyo zeBitlocker. Le software isinika ithuba lokuba a ufihlo olupheleleyo lweediski ezithile kunye nemiqulu, usebenzisa i-encryption algorithms eziphambili ezifana ne-AES okanye iNyoka. Ngaba simahla kwaye iyahambelana neenkqubo ezininzi zokusebenza, nangona ukusetyenziswa kwayo kunzima ngakumbi kuneBitlocker.
Isixhumanisi: VeraCrypt